Monthly Weather Review, December 2024
Published: 1 January 2025
Summary
The total rainfall was 25.6 mm, which is 65% of the long-term December median rainfall.
The mean maximum temperature was 26.9° C, which is 2.4° C warmer than the long-term December mean maximum temperature.
The mean minimum temperature was 15.1° C, which is 1.1° C warmer than the long-term December mean minimum temperature.
Weather Records
The mean maximum temperature of 26.9° C is a new record for the warmest December mean maximum temperature. The previous record was 26.1° C in 2018.
Monthly Review
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Monthly Meteograms
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Performance Monitoring
To check for areal consistency, the daily maximum and minimum temperatures from the AWS are routinely compared against the BoM AWS at Laverton RAAF, whilst the daily rainfall from the standard rain gauge is compared against the BoM AWS at Laverton RAAF and the Melbourne Water rain gauge at Hoppers Crossing.
Note: Tr indicates a rainfall amount of less than 0.1 mm (a trace of rain) and does not count towards the monthly rainfall total or the number of rain days.
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Units of Measurement
Unless otherwise advised, temperature is given in degrees Celsius (° C) and rainfall in millimetres (mm).
Observation Times & Reporting Periods
The main observation for the day is at 9 am when the precipitation over the past 24 hours is determined, and the maximum and minimum thermometers are also read and reset. The following conventions are used for assigning dates to the observations made:
- Maximum temperature : the 24 hours from 9 am on the date the data are recorded. The maximum temperature will usually occur in the afternoon of that day.
- Minimum temperature : the 24 hours to 9 am on the date the data are recorded. The minimum temperature will usually occur in the morning of that day.
- Mean temperature : the average of the daily maximum and minimum temperatures on the date the data are recorded.
- Daily rainfall : the 24 hours to 9 am on the date the data are recorded. A significant portion of the rain may have occurred on the previous calendar day.
- Monthly rainfall : from 9 am on the last day of the previous month to 9 am on the last day of the current month.
- Phenomena : the 24 hours to midnight on the date the data are recorded.
Climatology & Station Records
Our climatology and station records are based on all available data since 1 April 2017. All annual data are based on complete calendar years commencing in 2018. If a station record is equalled, the most recent date shall supersede the previous date to conform to standard BoM practice.
Variation from climatology: This is a measure of the difference between the current month and the long-term average for that month. For most meteorological elements, the mean of the values recorded over many years is the standard measure of the average. For rainfall however, particularly if there is a small volume of available data, the median is the preferred measure of the average due to the high variability of rainfall. The median is less affected by extreme rainfall events than the mean.
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